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Social and economic background influences survival in intensive care: Research with societal impact

Social and economic background influences survival in intensive care: Research with societal impact

18 August 2026

A large-scale study by researchers from Maastricht UMC+ and Amsterdam UMC demonstrates that lower socioeconomic status (SES) of patients admitted to Dutch intensive care units contributes to worse survival.

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Fatma Karapinar appointed as Professor in Medication Safety

Fatma Karapinar appointed as Professor in Medication Safety

12 August 2026

As of 1 June 2026, Dr Fatma Karapinar has been appointed Professor of Medication Safety at Maastricht University.

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Carim Maastricht
Carim Maastricht

Annemariek Driessen

Post doc

Dr. Annemariek Driessen holds a Bachelor`s degree in Biomedical Sciences and a Master`s degree in Statistical Sciences for Life and Behaviourial Sciences, both from Leiden University. In 2012, she started her PhD in pharmacoepidemiology at Maastricht University within the School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI) in 2012. Her research focused on unintended effects of anti-hyperglycaemic drugs on bone health.

After completing her PhD in 2017, Annemariek continued her research at Maastricht University as a post-doctoral researcher within CARIM. Her current research focuses on effectiveness and safety of medicines, with a particular interest in diabetes and osteoporosis. In addition, she conducts research on prescribing cascades, when side effects of one medicine may lead to the prescription of another medicine. 

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Department of Clinical Pharmacy 
P. Debeyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht 
Telephone: +31 (0)43 387 18 81

  • 2026
    • Shudofsky, K., Abma, J., Driessen, J., Slikkerveer, M., Vanmolkot, F., Janssen, P., & le Noble, J. (2026). Association of Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease With Concentration-To-Dose Ratios of Midazolam and Its Main Metabolites in Critically Ill Adults. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology, 40(4), Article e70108. https://doi.org/10.1111/fcp.70108
    • Gundogan-Yilmaz, R., Wahedi, S., Driessen, J. H. M., Mohammad, A., Denig, P., & Karapinar-Carkit, F. (2026). Dose-dependent relationships in potential prescribing cascades: a cohort study using community pharmacy dispensing data. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 48(3), 874-885. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-025-02083-y
    • Visker, V. P., Kvist, A. V., Vestergaard, P., van den Bergh, J. P., Brouwers, M. C. J. G., Wyers, C. E., & Driessen, J. H. M. (2026). Fracture trends in Denmark from 1997 to 2021. Osteoporosis International, 37(2), 417-424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-025-07746-0
    • Kruithof, P. D., Souverein, P. C., Driessen, J. H. M., Hendriks, L. E. L., Croes, S., & Van Geel, R. M. J. M. (2026). Concordance of Lung Cancer, Melanoma, and Renal Cell Cancer Diagnosis Information Recorded in Health Care Databases in England: Analysis of Linkage Between Primary Care, Hospital Care, and Cancer Registry Data. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 35(1), Article e70299. https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.70299
    • Mohammad, A. K., Driessen, J. H. M., Hugtenburg, J. G., Marmorale, A., Siegert, C., van den Bemt, P. M. L. A., Denig, P., & Karapinar-Carkit, F. (2026). Occurrence of Potential Prescribing Cascades After Hospital Discharge: A Cohort Study. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 35(1), Article e70305. https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.70305
  • 2025
    • van Oostwaard, M. M., Bevers, M. S. A. M., Driessen, J. H. M., de Jong, M., Heijnen, M. L. G. J., Wyers, C. E., & van den Bergh, J. P. (2025). Bone microarchitecture and strength in men with prostate cancer with and without prevalent vertebral fractures at the initiation of androgen deprivation therapy. Bone, 201, Article 117643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2025.117643
    • Werkman, N. C. C., Nielen, J. T. H., Tapia-Galisteo, J., Somolinos-Simon, F. J., Hernando, M. E., Wang, J., Jiu, L., Goettsch, W. G., Bosma, H., Schram, M. T., van Greevenbroek, M. M. J., Wesselius, A., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Driessen, J. H. M., & Garcia-Saez, G. (2025). Prediction of glycaemic control and quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes using glucose-lowering drugs with machine learning-The Maastricht study. Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism, 27(10), 5524-5537. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16598
    • Keene, S. J., Driessen, J. H. M., Jordan, R. E., Sitch, A., Adab, P., & Franssen, F. M. E. (2025). The independent and combined effects of smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on body mass index trajectories. Scientific Reports, 15(1), Article 32883. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-17270-0
  • 2024
    • van Hulten, V., Souverein, P. C., Starup-Linde, J., Viggers, R., Klungel, O. H., Vestergaard, P., Brouwers, M. C. J. G., van den Bergh, J. P., & Driessen, J. H. M. (2024). The association of type 2 diabetes-related characteristics with fracture risk at different sites. Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism, 26(11), 4887-4896. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.15884
    • van Oostwaard, M. M., Wyers, C. E., Driessen, J. H. M., van Maren, M., de Jong, M., van de Wouw, A. J., Janssen-Heijnen, M. L. G., & van den Bergh, J. P. (2024). The risk of fragility fractures in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy. Osteoporosis International, 35(11), 2037-2045. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-024-07180-8
    • Van Hulten, V., Driessen, J. H. M., Andersen, S., Kvist, A., Viggers, R., Bliuc, D., Center, J. R., Brouwers, M. C. J. G., Vestergaard, P., & van den Bergh, J. P. (2024). Fracture risk revisited: Bone mineral density T-score and fracture risk in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism, 26(11), 5325-5335. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.15890
    • Van Hulten, V., Sarodnik, C., Driessen, J. H. M., Viggers, R., Rasmussen, N. H., Geusens, P. P. M. M., Schaper, N., Schram, M. T., De Galan, B. E., Koster, A., Bours, S. P. G., Vestergaard, P., Stehouwer, C. D. A., & van den Bergh, J. P. (2024). Bone microarchitecture and strength assessed by HRpQCT in individuals with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes: the Maastricht study. JBMR plus, 8(9), Article ziae086. https://doi.org/10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae086
    • Werkman, N. C. C., Driessen, J. H. M., Klungel, O. H., Schaper, N. S., Souverein, P. C., Stehouwer, C. D. A., & Nielen, J. T. H. (2024). Incretin-based therapy and the risk of diabetic foot ulcers and related events. Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism, 26(9), 3764-3780. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.15721
    • Schene, M. R., Willems, H. C., Driessen, J. H. M., Vranken, L., Heersprink, F. O. L., Janzing, H. M. J., van der Velde, R. Y., van den Bergh, J. P., & Wyers, C. E. (2024). Physical performance and sarcopenia assessment in patients with a recent fracture visiting the Fracture Liaison Service. Osteoporosis International, 35(5), 851-862. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-07009-w
    • Gulikers, J. L., Veerman, G. D. M., Jebbink, M., Kruithof, P. D., Steendam, C. M. J., Boosman, R. J., Mathijssen, R. H. J., Tjan-Heijnen, V. C. G., Driessen, J. H. M., Dursun, S., Smit, E. F., Dingemans, A. M. C., van Geel, R. M. J. M., Croes, S., & Hendriks, L. E. L. (2024). Osimertinib Plasma Trough Concentration in Relation to Brain Metastases Development in Patients With Advanced EGFR-Mutated NSCLC. JTO Clinical and Research Reports, 5(4), Article 100656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtocrr.2024.100656
    • Werkman, N. C. C., García-Sáez, G., Nielen, J. T. H., Tapia-Galisteo, J., Somolinos-Simón, F. J., Hernando, M. E., Wang, J., Jiu, L., Goettsch, W. G., van der Kallen, C. J. H., Koster, A., Schalkwijk, C. G., de Vries, H., de Vries, N. K., Eussen, S. J. P. M., Driessen, J. H. M., & Stehouwer, C. D. A. (2024). Disease severity-based subgrouping of type 2 diabetes does not parallel differences in quality of life: the Maastricht Study. Diabetologia, 67(4), 690-702. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-023-06082-4
    • Schene, M. R., Wyers, C. E., Driessen, J. H. M., Vranken, L., Meijer, K., van den Bergh, J. P., & Willems, H. C. (2024). The "Can Do, Do Do" Framework Applied to Assess the Association between Physical Capacity, Physical Activity and Prospective Falls, Subsequent Fractures, and Mortality in Patients Visiting the Fracture Liaison Service. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 14(4), Article 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14040337
    • Schene, M. R., Bevers, M. S. A. M., van der Vijgh, W. J. F., Driessen, J. H. M., Vranken, L., van der Velde, R. Y., Willems, H. C., Wyers, C. E., & van den Bergh, J. P. (2024). PPI use is not associated with bone microarchitecture and strength assessed with HR-pQCT after three-years follow-up in patients visiting the Fracture Liaison Service. Bone, 182, Article 117066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2024.117066
    • Rasmussen, N. H., Driessen, J. H. M., Kvist, A. V., Souverein, P. C., van den Bergh, J. P., & Vestergaard, P. (2024). Fracture patterns and associated risk factors in pediatric and early adulthood type 1 diabetes: Findings from a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Bone, 180, Article 116997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2023.116997
    • Rasmussen, N. H., Driessen, J. H. M., Kvist, A. V., Souverein, P. C., van den Bergh, J., & Vestergaard, P. (2024). Fracture patterns in adult onset type 1 diabetes and associated risk factors - A nationwide cohort study. Bone, 179, Article 116977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2023.116977
    • van Veelen, A., Veerman, G. D. M., Verschueren, M. V., Gulikers, J. L., Steendam, C. M. J., Brouns, A. J. W. M., Dursun, S., Paats, M. S., Tjan-Heijnen, V. C. G., van der Leest, C., Dingemans, A.-M. C., Mathijssen, R. H. J., van de Garde, E. M. W., Souverein, P., Driessen, J. H. M., Hendriks, L. E. L., van Geel, R. M. J. M., & Croes, S. (2024). Exploring the impact of patient-specific clinical features on osimertinib effectiveness in a real-world cohort of patients with EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer. International Journal of Cancer, 154(2), 332-342. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.34742
  • 2023
    • van Hulten, V., Driessen, J. H. M., Starup-Linde, J. K., Al-Mashhadi, Z. K., Viggers, R., Klungel, O. H., Souverein, P. C., Vestergaard, P., Stehouwer, C. D. A., & van den Bergh, J. P. (2023). The associations of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as add-on to metformin with fracture risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism, 25(11), 3235-3247. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.15220
    • Schene, M. R., Wyers, C. E., Driessen, A. M. H., Souverein, P. C., Gemmeke, M., van den Bergh, J. P., & Willems, H. C. (2023). Imminent fall risk after fracture. Age and Ageing, 52(10), 1-9. Article afad201. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afad201
    • Gulikers, J. L., van Veelen, A. J., Driessen, J. H. M., Souverein, P. C., Tjan-Heijnen, V. C. G., Hendriks, L. E. L., van Geel, R. M. J. M., & Croes, S. (2023). Comparison of characteristics of patients with lung cancer in UK primary care databases: Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum and GOLD. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 32(10), 1161-1177. https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.5637
    • Schene, M. R., Meijer, K., Cheung, D., Willems, H. C., Driessen, J. H. M., Vranken, L., van den Bergh, J. P., & Wyers, C. E. (2023). Physical Functioning in Patients with a Recent Fracture: The "Can Do, Do Do" Framework Applied to Explore Physical Capacity, Physical Activity and Fall Risk Factors. Calcified Tissue International, 113(2), 195-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-023-01090-3
    • Werkman, N. C. C., Driessen, J. H. M., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Vestergaard, P., Schaper, N. C., van den Bergh, J. P., & Nielen, J. T. H. (2023). The use of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists versus sulfonylureas and the risk of lower limb amputations: a nation-wide cohort study. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 22(1), Article 160. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-01897-2
    • Abtahi, S., Driessen, J. H. M., Burden, A. M., Souverein, P. C., van den Bergh, J. P., & Boonen, A. (2023). Response to: 'Correspondence on 'Concomitant use of oral glucocorticoids and proton pump inhibitors and risk of osteoporotic fractures among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study' by Gong and Zhang and Lin et al. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 82(6), Article e143. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220477
    • Brouns, A. J. W. M., Hendriks, L. E. L., Robbesom-van den Berge, I. J., Driessen, A. J. H. M., Roemen, G. M. J. M., van Herpen, B. L. . J., Dekkers, Z., Heitzer, B., Leunissen, D. J. G., Moonen, L., Lunde, R., Westenend, M., van Driel, M., Speel, E.-J. M., & Dingemans, A.-M. C. (2023). Association of RANKL and EGFR gene expression with bone metastases in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Frontiers in Oncology, 13(1), Article 1145001. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1145001
    • Abtahi, S., Driessen, J. H. M., Burden, A. M., Souverein, P. C., van den Bergh, J. P., van Staa, T. P., Boonen, A., & de Vries, F. (2023). Response to: 'Correspondence on 'Concomitant use of oral glucocorticoids and proton pump inhibitors and risk of osteoporotic fractures among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study'' by Zheng. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 82(4), Article e94. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-219856
  • 2022
    • Sarodnik, C., Rasmussen, N. H., Bours, S. P. G., Schaper, N. C., Vestergaard, P., Souverein, P. C., Jensen, M. H., Driessen, J. H. M., & van den Bergh, J. P. W. (2022). The incidence of fractures at various sites in newly treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Bone Reports, 17, Article 101614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101614
    • van Dalem, J., & Driessen, J. H. M. (2022). Nieuwe medicijnen maken diabeteszorg nog persoonlijker: Eerste stappen voor behandeling op maat in herziene NHG-standaard. Pharmaceutisch Weekblad, 45, 15-18. http://www.pw.nl/achtergrond/2022/nieuwe-medicijnen-maken-diabeteszorg-nog-persoonlijker
    • Vranken, L., de Bruin, I. J. A., Driessen, A. H. M., Geusens, P. P. M., Eisman, J. A., Center, J. R., van der Velde, R. Y., Janzing, H. M. J., Kaarsemaker, S., van den Bergh, J. P., & Wyers, C. E. (2022). Decreased Mortality and Subsequent Fracture Risk in Patients With a Major and Hip Fracture After the Introduction of a Fracture Liaison Service: A 3-Year Follow-Up Survey. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 37(10), 2025-2032. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.4674
    • van Dalem, J., Werkman, N. C. C., van den Bergh, J. P., Rossi, B., Viggers, R., Eastell, R., Burden, A. M., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Klungel, O. H., Brouwers, M. C. G. J., & Driessen, J. H. M. (2022). Use of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, changes in body mass index and risk of fracture: a population-based cohort study. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 190, Article 109993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109993
    • Vranken, L., Wyers, C. E., Van der Velde, R. Y., Janzing, H. M. J., Kaarsemakers, S., Driessen, J., Eisman, J., Center, J. R., Nguyen, T. V., Tran, T., Bliuc, D., Geusens, P., & van den Bergh, J. P. (2022). Association between incident falls and subsequent fractures in patients attending the fracture liaison service after an index fracture: a 3-year prospective observational cohort study. BMJ Open, 12(7), Article e058983. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058983
    • Abtahi, S., Cordtz, R., Dreyer, L., Driessen, J. H. M., Boonen, A., & Burden, A. M. (2022). Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and osteoporotic fracture risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a Danish cohort study. American Journal of Medicine, 135(7), 879-888.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.01.017
    • van Veelen, A., Abtahi, S., Souverein, P., Driessen, J. H. M., Klungel, O. H., Dingemans, A.-M. C., van Geel, R., de Vries, F., & Croes, S. (2022). Characteristics of patients with lung cancer in clinical practice and their potential eligibility for clinical trials evaluating tyrosine kinase inhibitors or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer Epidemiology, 78, Article 102149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2022.102149
    • van Sloten, T. T., Souverein, P. C., Stehouwer, C. DA., & Driessen, J. H. (2022). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of depression among older people with hypertension. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 36(5), 594-603. Article 02698811221082470. https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811221082470
    • Abtahi, S., Driessen, J. H. M., Burden, A. M., Souverein, P. C., van den Bergh, J. P., van Staa, T. P., Boonen, A., & de Vries, F. (2022). Low-dose oral glucocorticoid therapy and risk of osteoporotic fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Rheumatology, 61(4), 1448-1458. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keab548
    • Røikjer, J., Werkman, N. C. C., Ejskjaer, N., van den Bergh, J. P. W., Vestergaard, P., Schaper, N. C., Jensen, M. H., Klungel, O., de Vries, F., Nielen, J. T. H., & Driessen, J. H. M. (2022). Incidence, hospitalization and mortality and their changes over time in people with a first ever diabetic foot ulcer. Diabetic Medicine, 39(4), Article e14725. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14725
    • Rasmussen, N. H., Sarodnik, C., Bours, S. P. G., Schaper, N. C., Souverein, P. C., Jensen, M. H., Driessen, J. H. M., van den Bergh, J. P. W., & Vestergaard, P. (2022). The pattern of incident fractures according to fracture site in people with T1D. Osteoporosis International, 33(3), 599-610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-021-06175-z
    • Safipour, Z., van Der Zanden, R., van den Bergh, J., Janssen, P., Vestergaard, P., de Vries, F., & Driessen, J. H. M. (2022). The use of oral glucocorticoids and the risk of major osteoporotic fracture in patients with myasthenia gravis. Osteoporosis International, 33(3), 649-658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-021-06101-3
    • van Hulten, V., Sarodnik, C., Driessen, J. H. M., Schaper, N. C., Geusens, P. P. M. M., Webers, C. A. B., Dinant, G.-J., Ottenheijm, R. P. G., Rasmussen, N. H., Viggers, R., Stehouwer, C. D. A., van der Kallen, C. J. H., Schram, M. T., Bours, S. P. G., Dagnelie, P. C., & van den Bergh, J. P. (2022). Prevalent Morphometrically Assessed Vertebral Fractures in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes, Prediabetes and Normal Glucose Metabolism: The Maastricht Study. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, Article 832977. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.832977
  • 2021
    • Van Hulten, V., Rasmussen, N., Driessen, J. H. M., Burden, A. M., Kvist, A., & van den Bergh, J. P. (2021). Fracture Patterns in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review of Recent Literature. Current Osteoporosis Reports, 19(6), 644-655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-021-00715-6
    • van Dalem, J., Driessen, J. H. M., Burden, A. M., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Klungel, O. H., de Vries, F., & Brouwers, M. C. G. J. (2021). Thiazolidinediones and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cohort Study. Hepatology, 74(5), 2467-2477. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.32012
    • van der Sande, L. J. T. M., Jöbsis, Q., Bannier, M. A. G. E., van de Garde, E. M. W., Coremans, J. J. M., de Vries, F., Dompeling, E., & Driessen, J. H. M. (2021). The risk of community-acquired pneumonia in children using gastric acid suppressants. European Respiratory Journal, 58(4), Article 2003229. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.03229-2020
    • Slikkerveer, M., van de Plas, A., Driessen, J. H. M., Wijngaard, R., de Vries, F., Olie, R., Meertens, N., & van den Bemt, P. (2021). Prescribing Errors With Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins. Journal of Patient Safety, 17(7), e587-e592. https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000417
    • Driessen, J. H. M., van Dort, M. J., Romme, E. A. P. M., Wouters, E. F. M., Smeenk, F. W. J. M., van Rietbergen, B., van den Bergh, J. P. W., & Geusens, P. (2021). Associations between bone attenuation and prevalent vertebral fractures on chest CT scans differ with vertebral fracture locations. Osteoporosis International, 32(9), 1869-1877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-020-05719-z
    • Dalem, J. V., Brouwers, M. C. G. J., Burden, A. M., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Klungel, O. H., Vries, F. D., & Driessen, J. H. M. (2021). Determinants of treatment modification before and after implementation of the updated 2015 NICE guideline on type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort study. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 176, Article 108828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108828
    • Abtahi, S., Driessen, J. H. M., Burden, A. M., Souverein, P. C., van den Bergh, J. P., van Staa, T. P., Boonen, A., & de Vries, F. (2021). Concomitant use of oral glucocorticoids and proton pump inhibitors and risk of osteoporotic fractures among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based cohort study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 80(4), 423-431. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218758
    • Werkman, N. C. C., Nielen, J. T. H., van den Bergh, J. P. W., Ejskjaer, N., Røikjer, J., Schaper, N. C., Rossi, B., Klungel, O., Vestergaard, P., de Vries, F., & Driessen, J. H. M. (2021). Use of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2-Inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) and Risk of Lower Limb Amputation. Current Drug Safety, 16(1), 62-72. https://doi.org/10.2174/1574886315666200805103053
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